Issue
Number 574
January 6, 2006
CONTENTS OF THIS ISSUE
- CDC, AAP, and AAFP release the Recommended Childhood and
Adolescent Immunization Schedule for 2006
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January 6, 2006
CDC, AAP, AND AAFP RELEASE THE RECOMMENDED CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENT
IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE FOR 2006
CDC, AAP, and AAFP have endorsed and released the Recommended Childhood and
Adolescent Immunization Schedule--United States, 2006. On January 6, CDC
published the schedule as an MMWR QuickGuide; a portion of the text is
reprinted below.
Additional materials. AAP published an article about the 2006 schedule in
the January 2006 issue of the journal Pediatrics. The AAFP website posted
information and a 2-page version of the 2006schedule. CDC issued a press
release about the schedule. Links to the Pediatrics article, the AAFP
information and 2-page schedule, and the CDC press release are given at the
end of this IAC Express issue.
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The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) periodically reviews
the recommended childhood and adolescent immunization schedule to ensure
that the schedule is current with changes in vaccine formulations and
reflects revised recommendations for the use of licensed vaccines, including
those newly licensed. The recommendations and format of the childhood and
adolescent immunization schedule and catch-up schedule for January-December
2006 were approved by ACIP, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and
the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP).
The changes to the previous childhood and adolescent immunization schedule,
published January 2005, are as follows:
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The importance of the hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) birth dose has been
emphasized. Vaccination of infants born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative
mothers can be delayed in rare circumstances, but only if a physician's
order to withhold the vaccine and a copy of the mother's original HBsAg-negative
laboratory report are documented in the infant's medical record.
Administering four doses of HepB is permissible (e.g., when combination
vaccines are administered after the birth dose); however, if monovalent
HepB is used, a dose at age 4 months is not needed. For infants born to
HBsAg-positive mothers, testing for HBsAg and antibody to HBsAg after
completion of the vaccine series should be conducted at age 9-18 months
(generally at the next well-child visit after completion of the vaccine
series).
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A new tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis
vaccine recommended by ACIP for adolescents (Tdap adolescent preparation)
was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on May 5, 2005, for
use in the United States. Tdap is recommended for adolescents aged 11-12
years who have completed the recommended childhood diphtheria and
tetanus toxoids and pertussis/diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular
pertussis (DTP/DTaP) vaccination series and have not received a tetanus
and diphtheria toxoids (Td) booster dose. Adolescents aged 13-18 years who
missed the age 11-12-year Td/Tdap booster dose should also receive a
single dose of Tdap if they have completed the recommended childhood DTP/DTaP
vaccination series. Subsequent Td boosters are recommended every 10 years.
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Meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4), approved by FDA on January 14,
2005, should be administered to all children at age 11-12 years as well as
to unvaccinated adolescents at high school entry (age 15 years). Other
adolescents who wish to decrease their risk for meningococcal disease may
also be vaccinated. All college freshmen living in dormitories should also
be vaccinated with MCV4 or meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV4).
For prevention of invasive meningococcal disease, vaccination with MPSV4
for children aged 2-10 years and with MCV4 for older children in certain
high-risk groups is recommended.
-
Influenza vaccine is now recommended for children aged 6 months [and
older] with certain risk factors, which now specifically include
conditions that can compromise respiratory function or handling of
respiratory secretions or that can increase the risk for aspiration.
-
Hepatitis A vaccine is now universally recommended for all children at age
1 year (12-23 months). The 2 doses in the series should be administered at
least 6 months apart.
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The catch-up schedule for persons aged 7-18 years has been changed for Td;
Tdap may be substituted for any dose in a primary catch-up series or as a
booster if age appropriate for Tdap. A 5-year interval from the last Td
dose is encouraged when Tdap is used as a booster dose.
Vaccine Information Statements
The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act requires that healthcare providers
provide parents or patients with copies of Vaccine Information Statements
before administering each dose of the vaccines listed in the schedule.
Additional information is available from state health departments and from
CDC at
http://www.cdc.gov/nip/publications/vis
Detailed recommendations for using vaccines are available from package
inserts, ACIP statements on specific vaccines, and the 2003 Red Book. ACIP
statements for each recommended childhood vaccine are available at the CDC
National Immunization Program website at
http://www.cdc.gov/nip/publications/acip-list.htm In addition, guidance
for obtaining and completing a Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System form
is available at http://www.vaers.hhs.gov
or by telephone, (800) 822-7967.
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To access a web-text (HTML) version of the complete MMWR article, go to:
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5451-Immunizationa1.htm
To access a ready-to-print (PDF) version of the MMWR QuickGuide, go to:
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/wk/mm5451-Immunization.pdf
ADDITIONAL MATERIAL
AAP. In the January 2006 issue of Pediatrics, AAP published Recommended
Childhood and Adolescent Immunization Schedule--United States, 2006 as a
policy statement from its Committee on Infectious Diseases.
To access a ready-to-print (PDF) version of the article, go to:
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/117/1/239
To access a web-text (HTML) version of it, go to:
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/117/1/239
AAFP. AAFP recently posted a brief page of information about the 2006
schedule, as well as a link to a two-page version of the schedule.
To access the page of material, go to:
http://www.aafp.org/x7666.xml
To access a ready-to-print (PDF) version of a two-page 2006 schedule, go to:
http://www.aafp.org/PreBuilt/immunization_child2006_engl.pdf
CDC. On January 5, CDC issued a press release, "Recommended Childhood and
Adolescent Immunization Schedule--United States, 2006."
To access the press release, go to:
http://www.cdc.gov/od/oc/media/pressrel/r060105a.htm |
