Issue
Number 608
July 10, 2006
CONTENTS OF THIS ISSUE
- VIS translation: Interim VIS for rotavirus vaccine now
available in Spanish
- July issue of CDC's Immunization Works electronic
newsletter now available on the NIP website
- New: HHS releases second part of its pandemic influenza
planning update
- WHO analyzes 205 confirmed cases of human avian
influenza from December 2003 to April 30, 2006
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ABBREVIATIONS: AAFP, American Academy of Family Physicians; AAP, American
Academy of Pediatrics; ACIP, Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices;
CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; FDA, Food and Drug
Administration; IAC, Immunization Action Coalition; MMWR, Morbidity and
Mortality Weekly Report; NIP, National Immunization Program; VIS, Vaccine
Information Statement; VPD, vaccine-preventable disease; WHO, World Health
Organization.
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July 10, 2006
VIS TRANSLATION: INTERIM VIS FOR ROTAVIRUS VACCINE NOW AVAILABLE IN SPANISH
Dated 4/12/06, the interim VIS for rotavirus vaccine is now available on the
IAC website in Spanish. IAC gratefully acknowledges the California
Department of Health Services for the translation.
To obtain a ready-to-copy (PDF) version in Spanish, go to:
http://www.immunize.org/vis/sp_rota06.pdf
To obtain a ready-to-copy (PDF) version in English, go to:
http://www.immunize.org/vis/rota_06.pdf
For information about the use of VISs, and for VISs in more than 30
languages, visit IAC's VIS web section at
http://www.immunize.org/vis
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July 10, 2006
JULY ISSUE OF CDC'S IMMUNIZATION WORKS ELECTRONIC NEWSLETTER NOW AVAILABLE
ON THE NIP WEBSITE
The July issue of Immunization Works, a monthly email newsletter published
by CDC, is available on NIP's website. The newsletter offers members of the
immunization community non-proprietary information about current topics. CDC
encourages its wide dissemination. Portions of the July issue are reprinted
below.
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NEW ACIP RECOMMENDATIONS
On June 29-30, 2006, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
met in Atlanta, GA. The ACIP meets three times annually and provides
recommendations to the Director of the CDC and the Secretary of the
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) concerning the prevention of
vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States.
Following is a summary of key votes from the ACIP's June meeting:
HPV VACCINE: The ACIP voted to recommend that a newly licensed vaccine
designed to protect against human papillomavirus (HPV) be routinely given to
girls at the age of 11-12 years. The ACIP recommendation also allows for
vaccination of girls beginning at 9 years, and supports vaccination of
females from 13 to 26 years of age who have not been previously vaccinated.
According to the ACIP's recommendation, 3 doses of the new vaccine should be
routinely given to girls when they are 11 or 12 years old. The advisory
committee, however, noted that the vaccination series can be started as
early as 9 years of age at the discretion of the physician or healthcare
provider. The vaccine should be administered before onset of sexual activity
(i.e., before women are exposed to the viruses), but females who are
sexually active should still be vaccinated.
The ACIP passed a resolution that included HPV vaccine in the Vaccines for
Children (VFC) program. VFC-eligible children 9 through 18 years of age are
entitled to receive VFC vaccine.
HPV is the leading cause of cervical cancer in women. The vaccine is the
first developed to prevent cervical cancer, precancerous genital lesions,
and genital warts due to HPV. The vaccine is highly effective against four
types of HPV virus, including two that cause about 70 percent of cervical
cancer. Those who have not acquired HPV would get the full benefits of the
vaccine. On average, there are 9,710 new cases and 3,700 deaths from
cervical cancer in the United States each year. For more information about
HPV and the HPV vaccine, please visit
http://www.cdc.gov/nip/vaccine/hpv/default.htm
VARICELLA VACCINE: The ACIP voted to recommend a second dose of varicella
(chickenpox) vaccine for children aged 4-6 years to further improve
protection against the disease. The first dose of varicella vaccine is
recommended at the age of 12-to-15 months. The ACIP also recommended that
children, adolescents, and adults who previously received 1 dose should
receive a second dose. The ACIP passed a VFC resolution to include the
second dose of varicella in the Vaccines for Children program.
Fifteen to 20 percent of children who have received one dose of the vaccine
are not fully protected and may develop chickenpox after coming in contact
with varicella zoster virus. Additionally, 1 dose of the vaccine may not
continue to provide protection into adulthood when chickenpox is more
severe. A second dose of varicella vaccine provides increased protection
against varicella disease compared [with] one dose.
Before licensure of the varicella vaccine in 1995, each year there were
about four million cases of varicella, 13,500 hospitalizations, and 150
deaths. Cases of varicella have steadily declined by 80 to 85 percent since
vaccine licensure. From 1995 to 2001, varicella hospitalizations declined by
72 percent and deaths among those 50 years old and younger decreased by 75
percent or more. However, in recent years varicella outbreaks have continued
to occur among vaccinated school children. During these chickenpox
outbreaks, between 11 and 17 percent of vaccinated children developed
varicella. Varicella in vaccinated children is usually mild, but the
children are contagious and can transmit the virus to others including their
parents who are at higher risk of severe disease. For more information about
varicella and the varicella vaccine, please visit
http://www.cdc.gov/nip/menus/vaccines.htm#varicella
Slide presentations and the full report from the ACIP meeting will be posted
soon at http://www.cdc.gov/nip/acip
The next ACIP meeting will be held at the CDC Global Communications Center
in Atlanta, Georgia, on October 25-26, 2006.
OTHER NEWS AND SUMMARIES
UPDATE柚UMPS OUTBREAK: CDC and state and local health departments continue
to investigate an outbreak of mumps that began in Iowa in December 2005 and
involved 14 additional states as of June 27, 2006. Through June 27, 2006,
4,724 mumps cases have been reported to the CDC from 15 outbreak-affected
states. Of the total number of current cases, 1,921 confirmed and probable
cases have been reported by the Iowa Department of Public Health. Another
2,717 probable and confirmed mumps cases have been reported from seven
additional states where outbreaks are occurring (Kansas, Illinois, Nebraska,
Missouri, South Dakota, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin). Another seven states
(Colorado, Minnesota, Mississippi, New York, New Mexico, Michigan, and
Texas) have reported a total of 86 probable and confirmed mumps cases, 15 of
which are related to travel to or temporary residence in one of the eight
mumps-outbreak states. The current reported number of hospitalizations is 72
(68 from outbreak states and 4 from states with outbreak-associated cases).
Some of these are for complications of mumps including meningitis,
encephalitis, and orchitis, but at least 11 are likely to be coincidental
hospitalizations (i.e., hospitalized for an unrelated condition and found to
have mumps). As of July 5, 2006, there have been no deaths related to the
mumps outbreak and reports from affected states show that the outbreak is
declining in every state.
While this decline is encouraging, CDC continues to work with state and
local health departments to conduct mumps surveillance, assist with
prevention and control activities, and evaluate vaccine effectiveness,
duration of immunity, and risk factors for mumps illness. CDC has also
provided technical assistance and education to organizations serving those
most affected by the outbreak, including the American College Health
Association, and four national camp associations. For more information about
mumps and resources for healthcare professionals, the general public, and
travelers, please visit CDC's mumps website at
http://www.cdc.gov/nip/diseases/mumps
MEETINGS, CONFERENCES, AND RESOURCES
NEW INFLUENZA SUPPLY Q&As: CDC has developed two sets of influenza questions
and answers (Q&As) to assist healthcare professionals and consumers with
planning for the upcoming influenza season. The first set of Q&As provides
information about vaccine supply for the 2006-07 influenza season and can be
found at
http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/vaxprioritygroups.htm The second set of
Q&As provides general information about influenza vaccine production,
supply, and distribution in the United States and can be found at
http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/vaxsupply.htm
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To access the complete July issue from the NIP website, go to:
http://www.cdc.gov/nip/news/newsltrs/imwrks/2006/200607.htm
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July 10, 2006
NEW: HHS RELEASES SECOND PART OF ITS PANDEMIC INFLUENZA PLANNING UPDATE
On June 29, Michael Leavitt, Secretary of HHS (Department of Health and
Human Services), released a report titled "Pandemic Planning Update II." The
12-page report provides an update on the department's five priorities
related to pandemic planning. The five priorities were outlined in the
original report, "Pandemic Planning Update," which HHS released on March 13.
To access a ready to print (PDF) version of the June 29 report, go to:
http://www.pandemicflu.gov/plan/pdf/PanfluReport2.pdf
To access a ready-to-print (PDF) version of the March 13 report, go to:
http://www.pandemicflu.gov/plan/pdf/panflu20060313.pdf
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July 10, 2006
WHO ANALYZES 205 CONFIRMED CASES OF HUMAN AVIAN INFLUENZA FROM DECEMBER 2003
TO APRIL 30, 2006
WHO published "Epidemiology of WHO-confirmed human cases of avian influenza
A (H5N1) infection" in the June 30 issue of its publication Weekly
Epidemiological Record (WER). Also on June 30, WHO posted a synopsis of the
WER article on its web section Disease Outbreak News. Portions of the
synopsis are reprinted below.
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This week's issue of the Weekly Epidemiological Record, published online by
WHO [on June 30], sets out results from the first analysis of
epidemiological data on all 205 laboratory-confirmed H5N1 cases officially
reported to WHO by onset date from December 2003 to 30 April 2006.
Data used in the analysis were collected for surveillance purposes. Quality,
reliability, and format were not consistent across data from different
countries. Despite this limitation, several conclusions could be reached.
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The number of new countries reporting human cases increased from 4 to 9
after October 2005, following the geographical extension of outbreaks
among avian populations.
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Half of the cases occurred in people under the age of 20 years; 90% of
cases occurred in people under the age of 40 years.
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The overall case-fatality rate was 56%. Case fatality was high in all age
groups but was highest in persons aged 10-to-39 years.
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The case-fatality profile by age group differs from that seen in seasonal
influenza, where mortality is highest in the elderly. . . .
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To access a ready-to-print (PDF) version of the June 30 issue of WER, go to:
http://www.who.int/wer/wer8126.pdf
To access the June 30 Disease Outbreak News synopsis, go to:
http://www.who.int/csr/don/2006_06_30/en |
